Cultural Sensitiveness in Health Care Delivery of Jimma University Specialized and Teaching Hospital, South West Ethiopia, 2016

Globally the increasing diversity in the population has led to concerns over disparities in health status between diverse patient populations.

Language and cultural issues can have a significant impact on health disparities when not addressed by health care organizations.

Even though disparity in health care increase very few studies have provided the opportunity for researchers to explore the issue of culturally and linguistically appropriate health care in a broad and organized fashion throughout the worldwide and none of them done across the country.

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Literature Review on Spiritual Care in Nursing

This article is to review literature from 2011 to 2015 on spiritual care in nursing using CINAHL. In this article, the keywords “systematic review,” “spiritual care,” and “nursing” were used to search the CINAHL database. Initially a total of 19 articles were identified.

However, 11 papers were reviewed after excluding the inappropriate articles following six categories as the definition of spirituality, concept analysis of spiritual care, spiritual assessment, spiritual care on the clinical settings, ethical issues, and nursing education.

In conclusion and suggestions, spiritual care should assess from generic to specific aspects, and develop the comprehensive assessment steps for spiritual care in nursing.

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Social Representations of Nurses about their Profession

An integrative literature review to identify the social representations of nurses about their profession. The literature searching was between September and November 2015 through the following databases: SCOPUS, PUBMED, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Web of Science, CINAHL and MEDLINE.

The final sample consisted of 05 articles. In the results, it was possible to identify characteristics of the publications and the social representations that nurses have of their profession.

Thus, it was possible to know the differences in the perceptions of nurses about the social representations in their profession.

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Cultural Competency Training and Education in the University-based Professional Training of Health Professionals: Characteristics, Quality and Outcomes of Evaluations

Cultural competence is a broad concept used to describe strategies designed to ensure that healthprofessionals are able to provide quality health care to diverse populations.

Cultural Competency

Over the last ten years or so, the term ‘cultural competence’ has become prominent in the health and medical education literature. According to Betancourt (2006), ‘physicians need a practical set of tools and skills that will enable them to provide quality care to patients everywhere, from anywhere, with whatever differences in background that may exist…’ Consistent with this imprimatur, most medical and nursing schools must provide some level of training in this area to meet accreditation requirements and therefore now include some level of cultural competency education and training in their curricula. For example, in Australia, cultural competency is endorsed by the Australian Medical Council (AMC) and medical courses must provide cultural competency training in their curricula to meet accreditation requirements. Read more>>>>>>> 

Cigarette Smoking among Out-of-School Adolescents in Sokoto Metropolis, North-West Nigeria

Cigarette smoking is a very wide spread activity and consumption of cigarette has today reached the level of a global epidemic. Every year 5,500billion cigarettes are manufactured and 1.1 billion people smoke cigarette worldwide.

Cigarette Smoking

In Nigeria, about 93 million sticks of cigarette are produced annually, with every one of these cigarette sticks being consumed. Cigarette smoking has been found to be associated with heart and chronic obstructive lung diseases. Lung and other cancers (bladder, pancreas, upper respiratory tract, oesophagus, stomach and leukemia) are increasingly being associated with cigarette smoking. Millions of people suffer illness and disability due to cigarette smoking. Cigarette smoking is associated with reduced life expectancy not only for active smokers but for passive smokers as well. Many factors have been put forward for adolescents’ engagements in smoking. These include normal developmental changes, psychological factors, and social environment. Under normal developmental changes, influence of peers, the need to conform and direct craving for cigarettes use have been mentioned. Read more>>>>>>

Qualitative Insights into Family Physicians' Perceptions of Academic Detailing for Rheumatoid Arthritis

The message of a paradigm shift in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) to early, aggressive and sustained use of Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs and treating to target remission, has not yet reached all Family Physicians (FPs) in Canada.

A promising technique to optimize FP practice is Academic Detailing (AD) which involves visits by trained health care professionals to physicians in their offices, providing evidence-based information on a selected topic.

The objective of our study was to understand FPs’ perceptions about the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of AD to provide information about RA management.

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Volunteer Experiences at a Free Clinic in the United States: A Qualitative Study

Volunteers provide a wide variety of essential services in health care settings, from patient care to administrative assistance. Many volunteers in the healthcare field are skillsbased volunteers, providing skilled services at hospitals or clinics in an effort to improve the quality of life of the individuals in those setting.

Volunteer Experiences 

In the healthcare field, people tend to seek volunteer opportunities to gain work-related experiences. More hospitals than ever before are utilizing volunteers for “profession and support services, governance and fund-raising”. Free clinics provide an array of medical services at little or no cost to low-income, uninsured individuals in the United States (US) and often rely heavily on volunteers to provide services to vulnerable populations. However, free clinics often experience uncertainty in funding sources and need to consistently fundraise to keep services and programs active. While volunteers provide many services free clinics offer, there are few studies on volunteers’ experiences in this environment. Read more>>>>>>> 

The Role of Augmented Reality Telesurgery in Promoting Equity in Global Surgery

Surgery, as described by Dr. Kim, President of the World Bank, is an “indivisible, indispensable part ofhealthcare”, however it is estimated that five billion people do not have access to safe, affordable surgical and anesthesia care.

Telesurgery

Of an estimated 312.9 million surgical procedures performed in 2012, only 6.3% were undertaken in the poorest nations, which comprise over a third of the global population. For too long the myth that surgery is the preserve of the rich has prevailed; however, a new age is dawning. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery’s report Global Surgery 2030, appositely published in 2015, coinciding with a recommitment to universal health coverage (UHC) and the publication of the post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), has finally brought surgery into the crosshairs of global health focus. Global Surgery 2030, which congregated what was known about global surgery and publicized a number of the Commission’s de novo publications (which significantly added to our understanding of surgery in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs)), is a call to arms for those wishing to reduce healthcare inequality. Read more>>>>>>

Delivering Care to Women who are Homeless: A Narrative Inquiry into the Experience of Health Care Providers in an Obstetrical Unit

The purpose of the study was to explore the experiences and perceptions of health care providers in an acute care setting delivering care to pregnant women who are experiencing homelessness.

In recent years, the number of women experiencing homelessness has significantly increased. In North America, the emerging homeless profile is that of a younger person and more often women.

Living in precarious housing situations increases one’s risk for serious health conditions. Women who are homeless often experience complex health issues but many intersecting barriers exist between homeless women and health care providers, which impacts the care provided.

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Fragility Syndrome in the Elderly, Integrating Knowledge about Diagnostic Methods

Aging is a fairly common phenomenon in reality that shapes our society; so for achieving comprehensive care for the elderly population, it is necessary that health careprofessionals are able to develop a more complete and holistic observation regarding some of this human being found in various process changes, whether physical, biological, social and psychological.

Fragility Syndrome

Currently in Brazil there are 20 million people aged over 60 years, equivalent to 10% of the population, and according to projections by the World Health Organization (WHO), between 1950 to 2025, there will be an increase of five times the total population and fifteen times the elderly population, and Brazil in 2025 will present about 32 million people aged over 60 years. This stage of life can be understood as a natural process, in which there is a progressive decrease of the functional reserve of the individual, which is called senescence. Under normal conditions, this process develops without problems.

Medication Non-Adherence Identified at Home: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

The term ‘medication adherence’ is defined as the extent to which patient behavior in takingmedication, a diet and/or executing lifestyle changes, accord with recommendations with health care providers.

Medication Non-Adherence

Patients not adhering to their medications has been a crucial problem in pharmacotherapy and occurred at any stage of their treatment. Medication nonadherence also causes poor treatment outcomes, poor quality of life, and subsequent hospitalization and emergency room visits. Apart from negative clinical outcomes, medication non-adherence further burdens healthcare systems and their resources. In the United States, spends $100 and $300 billion annually was attributable to non-adherence to medication, accounting for 3-10% of national health care budget, while the EU devotes €125 billion annually for this purpose.

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Qualitative Insights into Family Physicians' Perceptions of Academic Detailing for Rheumatoid Arthritis

There has been a paradigm shift in the approach to Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, with current guidelines recommending early, aggressive and consistent use of diseasemodifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), with remission as the new target.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

The delivery of care for RA has been shown to be suboptimal. In British Columbia (BC), we found low rates of DMARD use and referral to rheumatologists. Similar findings were observed in Quebec, Ontario and United States. Other researchers have found long delays in receiving care. This highlights the importance of addressing the gaps in RA care by informing family physicians (FPs) about recent changes in RA management. Previous studies revealed that many FPs lacked confidence to undertake early diagnoses of RA, and prescription of DMARDs, as well as the need for a shift in approaching RA care.

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Frequency of Calcific Aortic Stenosis in Tertiary Care Hospital of Karachi

Valvular Heart Diseases (VHD) are regarded as one of the major public health concern. A signifcant risein the prevalence of cardiac valve disease with age is observed in a recent large study.

Calcific Aortic Stenosis

Non-rheumatic stenosis of tri-leaflet aortic valves, often termed senile or calcific valvular aortic stenosis, is considered a "degenerative" process. Aortic stenosis is a serious disease with a prolonged latent period, progresses very fast when symptoms become evident and a very high mortality rate is associated (approximately 50% in the first 2 years after symptoms appear) among untreated patient.

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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice about Evidence-Based Practice: A Jordanian Study

Evidence-based practice (EBP) has become a worldwide concern for healthcare staff and administrators as well as researchers. In nursing profession, EBP has gained its importance byinfluencing the knowledge and practice of nurses.

Evidence-based practice is the integration of the best current evidence for clinical decision making process. It serves as an approach for problem- solving and a framework for decision making to answer emerging clinical questions while considering the patient’s values and practitioner’s own views. Therefore, EBP has been considered as critical element to improve quality of health services and achieving excellence in patient care. Furthermore, EBP is considered as a keystone for health care quality.The World Health Organization emphasized that health and social services should be based on the best research evidence.

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Virtual Reality Clinical Simulations: A Wilsonian Concept Analysis of an Emerging Phenomenon

Clinical experience is the very foundation of health care practice disciplines. This includes nursing, especially. Many factors have caused nursing academics to search for alternative pedagogies to supplement the traditional live or hands-on clinicalpractice experience.

Virtual Reality Clinical Simulation

There are several reasons for these efforts. These include the shortage of nursing faculty, competitive clinical sites, high student-to-nurse faculty ratio, patient safety concerns of faculty, and student apprehension.As of result of such barriers, the pedagogies of standardized patients and clinical simulation scenarios have evolved as valuable tools. They prove valuable for their ability to enhance both theoretical and clinical nursing education.

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Responses to Clinical Questions: Specialist-Based Medicine vs. Reasonable Clinic in Family Medicine

Despite the progress in our diagnostic and therapeutic media, the uncertainty remains consubstantial with clinical practice. The clinic emerges-it is perceived by the clinicianwithin its theoretical framework that nuances reality. From that moment, there are a number of clinical strategies to manage the uncertainty of decision-making.

From the paradigm of positivistic science ("quantitative and objective"), the specialist clinician uses primarily as strategies to manage uncertainty the clinical epidemiology and Evidence- Based Medicine (EBM). To this strategy we could call it "specialist-based medicine" or "Critical Assessment of Topic". But the family doctor, although employing this strategy, also frequently uses many more techniques, not quantitative but qualitative, which are based on the "particular", and which we could call "reasonable clinic in family medicine" or "Assessment Critical and contextually.

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Volunteer Experiences at a Free Clinic in the United States: A Qualitative Study

Free clinics provide an array of medical services at little or no cost to low-income, uninsured individuals in the United States and often rely heavily on volunteers to offer healthcare services for free or at reduced fees.

The purpose of this study is to explore volunteering experiences at a community free clinic.

Five focus groups were conducted at a free clinic with volunteers of the clinic (N=28) in September-November in 2016. Thematic analysis was performed to identify themes in issues relating to health, most urgent health issues, and ways to improve services for the underserved populations.

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Exploring Barriers Related to the Use of Latrine and Health Impacts in Rural Kebeles of Dirashe District Southern Ethiopia: Implications for Community Lead Total Sanitations

Unsanitary disposal of human excreta, together with unsafe drinking water and poor hygiene conditions contribute for 88% of diarrheal diseases.

The burden of this disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality particularly in young children and lack of access to sanitation has significant non-health consequences, especially for women and girls, including lack of security and privacy, decreased school attendance and basic human dignity.

In addition, inadequate sanitation is implicated in Helminth infections, enteric fevers and trachoma.

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Helpline Calling Patterns in a Colorectal Cancer Screening Program: A Cross-Sectional Study

In population-based cancer screening programs, individuals need to be able to contact the relevant health authorities with their questions or concerns.

Calling patterns for the telephone helplines that support these services may reveal gaps in provision, or obstacles to the success of a screening program. The aim of this study was to analyze the calling patterns for a helpline supporting the Danish colorectal cancer-screening program.

We compared the age and sex of individuals making use of the helpline versus a background population, and explored their motives for calling, with a particular focus on those seeking information about the screening invitations.

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An Investigation of Ante Natal Care Patients Satisfaction with Health Services in Mberengwa District Midlands Province 2014

This study sought to investigate the service quality expectations and perceptions for Ante Natal Care patients at Mberengwa District Hospital.

This was, in the main a qualitative study in which the knowledge and practices of Ante Natal Care patients were sought so as to establish their opinions, beliefs and ideas towards the service quality at the Health Care facilities in Mberengwa District in the Midlands Province.

It is from a target population of 110 subjects who are Ante Natal Care patients that a sample size of 100 was extracted. The response rate was a surprising 63.64%.

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Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice about Evidence-Based Practice: A Jordanian Study

Evidence-based practice has become a worldwide concern for healthcare staff and administrators as well as researchers.

Evidence-based practice has been considered as critical element to improve quality of health services and achieving excellence in patient care. The implementation of Evidence-based practice in clinical environments has been challenging.

One of the most important barriers to implement Evidence-based practice is knowledge deficit.

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Recent Trends in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology

The foundations of pharmaceutical biotechnology mainly lie in the capability of plants, microorganism and animals to produce low and high molecular weight compounds useful as therapeutics.

Although molecules from plants and microorganisms are preferred extraction from plant biomass needs tedious downstream processing while in case of microorganisms it is easy with fewer amounts of impurities.

Pharmaceutical biotechnology is poised to flourish for the last 4-6 decades with the advent of recombinant DNA technology and metabolic engineering supported by the well-developed bioprocess technology.

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Surviving Grandmas Bucket List- A Male Nursing Students Developing Relationship with his Eccentric Grandmother

Incensed, Rick stormed into the hail even angrier than when he slipped through Nieman’s massive front door heading for the escalator as the sleet started to pound. She knew I had to study today. She knew finals were coming up fast.

And now she should ask me this? How does she think I am going to graduate with a distraction like this? More than a ‘distraction’, a mainliner delay! Rick mulled over their conversation.

Incensed, Rick stormed into the hail even angrier than when he slipped through Nieman’s massive front door heading for the escalator as the sleet started to pound.

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Responses to Clinical Questions: Specialist-Based Medicine vs. Reasonable Clinic in Family Medicine

The usual procedure to resolve a clinical doubt is relatively standardized by following a series of steps that make up the specialist-based medicine or “Critical Assessment of a Topic”.

In the resolution of these steps, the biopsychosocial context from which the question is extracted acquires a special emphasis in the beginning of this process-Initial stage/initial scenario and in the final stages of the process-applicability of the results and their evaluation.

But, there is an alternative proposal which implies a greater relevance of the biopsychosocial context in all the phases of answer to the clinical question, by what it would be call the result of this process reasonable clinic in family medicine or “Assessment Critical and Contextually of a topic”.

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A Study of Integration of Robotics in the Hospitality Sector and Its Emulation in the Pharmaceutical Sector

The main objective of the study is to highlight the integration of humanoid robots in the pharmaceutical industry at the medical dispensing stores by emulating robotic integration successes of the hospitality sector and ultimately developing strategies for its use in small, medium and large medical store provider’s i.e., pharmacies.

The research is based on desk research data, so as to investigate the most current and prospective applicability of robotics in healthcare, particularly in the pharmaceutical sector.

The desk research data for this study has been obtained from diverse books on the topic of this research, different public portals, web portals of related departments for data and statistics, numerous journals, webpages of preferred healthcare centers and in addition to this, print materials like brochers etc.

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African American Nurse Leaders and the American Public: Do We Really Understand the Healthcare Law?

Nurses are the most trusted healthcare providers and are ideally positioned to play an integral role in moving the U.S. healthcare system forward. With the passage into law, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) have provided opportunities that may help achieve health equity.

Communicating aspects of the law with patients, families, and communities is a major objective of nursing leaders. Fellows of the Leadership Institute for Black Nurses (LIBN) have a duty, as healthcare providers, to be equipped with the tools that promote health equity.

LIBN Fellows were immersed in healthcare both professionally and educationally, and it was expected that they would have more knowledge of PPACA than those of the general public who were surveyed by Kaiser in 2010. Understanding provisions in the law is fundamental to healthcare leadership, and nurse leaders have a mandate to remain current in policy and practice.

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